"Phenytoin" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus,
MeSH (Medical Subject Headings). Descriptors are arranged in a hierarchical structure,
which enables searching at various levels of specificity.
An anticonvulsant that is used to treat a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. The mechanism of therapeutic action is not clear, although several cellular actions have been described including effects on ion channels, active transport, and general membrane stabilization. The mechanism of its muscle relaxant effect appears to involve a reduction in the sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch. Phenytoin has been proposed for several other therapeutic uses, but its use has been limited by its many adverse effects and interactions with other drugs.
| Descriptor ID |
D010672
|
| MeSH Number(s) |
D03.383.129.308.432.555.730
|
| Concept/Terms |
Phenytoin- Phenytoin
- 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin
- Fenitoin
- 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione
- Diphenylhydantoin
Phenytoin Sodium- Phenytoin Sodium
- Sodium Diphenylhydantoinate
- Diphenylhydantoinate, Sodium
|
Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Phenytoin".
Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more specific than "Phenytoin".
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Phenytoin" by people in this website by year, and whether "Phenytoin" was a major or minor topic of these publications.
To see the data from this visualization as text,
click here.
| Year | Major Topic | Minor Topic | Total |
|---|
| 1995 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 1996 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1997 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 1998 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1999 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2000 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2001 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2002 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2003 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2005 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2006 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2013 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2015 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2016 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2018 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2019 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2020 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2021 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2023 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
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Below are the most recent publications written about "Phenytoin" by people in Profiles.
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Treatment of seizures in the neonate: Guidelines and consensus-based recommendations-Special report from the ILAE Task Force on Neonatal Seizures. Epilepsia. 2023 10; 64(10):2550-2570.
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Neuropsychological effects in children exposed to anticonvulsant monotherapy during gestation: Phenobarbital, carbamazepine, and phenytoin. Epilepsy Behav. 2022 02; 127:108533.
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Association between anti-seizure medication and outcomes in infants. J Perinatol. 2022 Mar; 42(3):359-364.
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A Rapid LC-MS-MS Method for the Quantitation of Antiepileptic Drugs in Urine. J Anal Toxicol. 2020 Oct 12; 44(7):688-696.
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First-line medication dosing in pediatric refractory status epilepticus. Neurology. 2020 11 10; 95(19):e2683-e2696.
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Efficacy of levetiracetam, fosphenytoin, and valproate for established status epilepticus by age group (ESETT): a double-blind, responsive-adaptive, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2020 04 11; 395(10231):1217-1224.
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Randomized Trial of Three Anticonvulsant Medications for Status Epilepticus. N Engl J Med. 2019 11 28; 381(22):2103-2113.
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Fosphenytoin Population Pharmacokinetics in the Acutely Ill Pediatric Population. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2018 08; 19(8):748-754.
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Changing antiepileptic drug use for seizures in US neonatal intensive care units from 2005 to 2014. J Perinatol. 2017 03; 37(3):296-300.
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Amitriptyline and phenytoin prevents memory deficit in sciatic nerve ligation model of neuropathic pain. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2016 Mar; 27(2):101-8.