JOSEPHPETROSINOJOSEPH PETROSINO-33.9553329000000018.461081000000002154PETROSINO, JOSEPHMicrobiome, Metagenomics, Commensal microbes, Virome, Francisella, Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, MetanomeWithin the body of a healthy adult, microbial cells are estimated to outnumber human cells by a factor of ten to one. The total number of genes in the human microbiome may exceed the total number of human genes by a factor of 100 to 1. These microbial communities comprise what has come to be known as the ‘human microbiome’. Until recently, the human microbiome has been largely unstudied, leaving its influence upon human health largely unknown. Traditional microbiology has focused on the study of individual isolated species, with most organisms (>80%) having never been successfully cultured. However, advances in DNA sequencing technologies have created the ability to examine microbial communities, including uncultivable organisms. These advances have led to ‘metagenomic’ approaches that allow the analysis of genetic material derived from complete microbial communities harvested from natural environments, thus facilitating the study of the human microbiome as well as the microbiomes of other animals and environmental niches.
To take advantage of these recent technological advances, the NIH Roadmap Office/Common Fund initiated the Human Microbiome Project (HMP) in 2006 with the mission of generating resources enabling characterization of the human microbiota and analysis of its role in human health and disease. As a Primary Investigator in the HMP, and in directing a number of other microbiome projects, my interests are focused on developing and implementing measures to sample and analyze microbial communities from niches on and in the human body and related animal models for the understanding of how commensal organisms impact health and disease.
Knowledge of how the microbiota impact and/or respond to various states of health and illness is vital for the development of treatments that can diagnose, treat and/or eliminate heritable or infectious disease. For example, microbiome-associated diagnostics may be more sensitive for detecting certain diseases and/or predicting susceptibility to others so that appropriate precautions can be made (e.g., taking a probiotic or antibiotic when traveling when it’s known that an individual is highly susceptible to travelers’ diarrhea or Norwalk virus infection).
Since the onset of the HMP, we along with collaborators in the Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology (MVM) and the Human Genome Sequencing Center have been pursuing diverse projects in metagenomics and microbiome research. In 2011 I established the Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research (CMMR) at BCM to maintain our position as leaders in this field, and to further develop and expand the infrastructure and expertise that will propel microbiome research in the future with the following mission foci:
Support existing metagenomic research programs that are ongoing at BCM and affiliated institutions
Provide support for investigators/clinical collaborators who have ideal model systems for metagenomics but who do not know where to begin such studies.
Expand metagenomic research into animal and molecular model systems so that hypothesis-driven research could be initiated and supported.
Provide a critical mass in bioinformatic expertise for analyzing and providing statistical support for metagenomic data.
Translate novel discoveries from microbiome studies to effective clinical therapeutics and diagnostics.
Among the largest of the more than 250 projects we are engaging/have engaged with over 120 collaborating groups from around the world during the past 4 years is a comprehensive microbiome analysis supporting the NIDDK-funded TEDDY (The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young) Project. The goal of this study is to identify microbial associations and triggers that may underlie the onset of type 1 diabetes. This knowledge will hopefully lead to better diagnostics, interventions, and perhaps even a cure, for juvenile diabetes.
Other collaborations with researchers at BCM and other area institutions have led to a number of ongoing lucrative projects, some of which have been highlighted elsewhere in the BCM and national spotlight. We anticipate these studies will produce results that may translate directly into therapeutics and diagnostics that impact human health. Among these are projects with Drs. Danny Jones and Stephen Pflugfelder, Department of Ophthalmology, studying the ocular surface microbiome associated with health and disease, Dr. James Versalovic, Department of Pathology, TCH Microbiome Center, focusing on microbiome associations to pediatric bowel pain, Dr. Kjersti Aagaard, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, on microbiome associations to pre-term birth, Drs. Herbert DuPont and David Graham, Department of Medicine, examining microbiota associations with gastrointestinal disease and treatment with fecal transplants and defined microbial communities. Each of these projects has posed unique study design and technology challenges that CMMR staff and collaborators are addressing to generate provocative results that will hopefully benefit human health in the near future.
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Independent from our research on the human microbiome, we are also actively studying the biodefense concern, Francisella tularensis.
The facultative intracellular pathogen, Francisella tularensis, is the causative agent of tularemia, and is among the most infectious pathogens known, both in terms of the number of zoonotic species it infects (>250), and the number of organisms needed to establish a potentially lethal infection (<10 by the airborne route). F. tularensis is a Category A biodefense agent because of its ability to cause incapacitating, potentially fatal, illness, its ability to spread via aerosolization, and for the potential burden it would have on the public health system in the event of an outbreak. There are four subspecies of Francisella tularensis: subspecies tularensis (Type A), subspecies holarctica (Type B), subspecies novicida, and subspecies mediasiatica. Type A, found exclusively in North America and Mexico, causes the most severe form of human disease, while Type B is less pathogenic in humans and is found throughout the northern hemisphere. Several decades ago, in the former Soviet Union, an attenuated live vaccine strain (LVS) was derived from repeated passage of a Type B strain. LVS offers protection against both Type A and Type B infection, but is not licensed for use in the U.S. because it’s immunogenicity in humans is poorly characterized, the mechanism of attenuation for this strain is unknown, and the strain kills mice with a LD50 of one bacterium when injected intraperitoneally.
Using state-of-the-art technologies and resources in the Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, we are determining the genomic sequences of multiple F. tularensis strains. Comparisons of Type A, Type B, LVS, and other Francisella sequences are highlighting genetic differences that will answer the following questions:
Why are Type A Francisella strains more virulent than Type B strains?
How are Francisella subspecies evolutionarily related?
What makes Francisella so pathogenic in the absence of an obvious toxin?
What genes mediate robust replication of Francisella in macrophages?
What mutations attenuate LVS?
What mutations are capable of rationally attenuating pathogenic strains?
Isogenic Francisella mutant strains will be constructed subsequently to test the roles of candidate alleles in strain attenuation and host specificity. These studies will reveal the pathogenicity mechanisms of one of the most virulent bacteria known and will further the development of improved attenuated vaccines and immunodiagnostics targeted against Francisella.
Functional genomics approaches are being used to identify proteins important for F. tularensis recognition by the host immune response. With our collaborators, we are using the recombination-based, Gateway system (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) to clone and express approximately 2000 open reading frames (ORFs) belonging to the Type A and Type B Francisella subspecies. This strategy permits the rapid conversion of the original plasmid clone set to other functional vectors containing various promoters or tag sequences. Through further collaboration with the BCM Vaccine Treatment and Evaluation Unit (VTEU) we are using this clone set, along with the shotgun library constructed to sequence the Francisella genome, to systematically identify F. tularensis proteins recognized by the human humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Results from this work will further characterize the human response to LVS vaccination and will lead to the development of novel F. tularensis vaccines and immunodiagnostics.
The approaches outlined here are being adapted for additional functional genomics studies in other biodefense and emerging and infectious disease concerns to advance vaccine and diagnostic discovery in these organisms.Professorplugins:FeaturedVideosFeatured Videosprns:awardConferredByaward conferred byprns:coAuthorOfcoauthor ofprns:endDateend dateFaculty Rankprns:fullNamefull nameprns:grantAwardedBygrant awarded byprns:hasAuthorListauthor listprns:hasFacultyRankhas faculty rankprns:hasNetworkhas networkprns:hasPublicationVenuepublished inprns:informationResourceReferenceinformation resource referenceprns:isPrimaryPositionis primary positionprns:latitudelatitudeprns:longitudelongitudeprns:mainImagephotoprns:maxWeightmaximum weightprns:medlineTAjournal title abbreviationprns:meshDescriptorUIMeSH DescriptorUIprns:meshSemanticGroupNameMeSH semantic group nameprns:minWeightminimum weightprns:numberOfAuthorsnumber of authorsprns:numberOfConnectionsnumber of connectionsprns:numberOfPublicationsnumber of publicationsprns:personIdPerson IDprns:personInPrimaryPositionperson in primary positionprns:pluginSearchableDataProfilesRNS Plugin Searchable Dataprns:positionInDepartmentposition in departmentprns:positionInDivisionposition in divisionprns:predicateNodepredicate nodeprns:principalInvestigatorNameprincipal investigator nameprns:publicationDatepublication dateprns:similarTosimilar toprns:sortOrdersort orderprns:startDatestart dateprns:uniquenessWeightuniqueness weightprns:yearyearAcademic ArticleArticleDocumentbibo:pmidPubMed IdentifierAddressvivo:address1address line 1vivo:addressCitycityvivo:addressPostalCodepostal codevivo:addressStatestate or provinceAgreementvivo:authorInAuthorshipselected publicationsvivo:authorRankauthor rank in publicationAuthorshipvivo:awardOrHonorawards and honorsAward or Honor ReceiptDepartmentDivisionvivo:freetextKeywordkeywordsGrantvivo:hasResearchArearesearch areasvivo:hasResearcherRoleresearch activitiesvivo:hrJobTitleHR job titleInformation Resourcevivo:linkAnchorTextlink anchor textvivo:linkedAuthorlinked authorvivo:linkedInformationResourcelinked information resourcevivo:mailingAddressmailing addressvivo:overviewoverviewvivo:personInPositionpositionsPositionvivo:positionInOrganizationposition in organizationvivo:preferredTitlepreferred titleResearcher Rolevivo:researcherRoleOfresearcher role ofRolevivo:roleContributesTocontributes tovivo:sponsorAwardIdsponsor award idURLLinkvivo:webpagewebpagerdf:predicatepredicaterdf:typetyperdfs:labellabelConceptAgentfoaf:firstNamefirst namefoaf:lastNamelast nameOrganizationPerson25305639Hyde ER, Luk B, Cron S, Kusic L, McCue T, Bauch T, Kaplan H, Tribble G, Petrosino JF, Bryan NSFree radical biology & medicineCharacterization of the rat oral microbiome and the effects of dietary nitrate. Free Radic Biol Med. 2014 Dec; 77:249-57.Free Radic Biol Med2014-10-12T00:00:002014Characterization of the rat oral microbiome and the effects of dietary nitrate.Authorship 804620Authorship 824012Authorship 8297716Authorship 8626936Authorship 917171Authorship 9573910Authorship 1078484Authorship 11007911Authorship 112356Houston Men of Distinction20142013Honoree of Houston Men of DistinctionAmerican Society for Microbiology20142012ASM Distinguished LecturerWestern Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Disease20072005Career Development AwardUnited States Army Materiel Command20032000Breast Cancer Initiative Postdoctoral FellowshipAmerican Cancer Society 2000Postdoctoral Fellowship (declined)National Institutes of Health2000National Research Service Award Postdoctoral Fellowship (declined)National Institutes of Health1999Postdoctoral Genetics Training Grant AppointeeAmerican Society for Microbiology-Texas Branch1997Honorable Mention, S.E. 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J Infect Dis. 2019 05 24; 219(12):2005-2014.J Infect Dis2019-05-24T00:00:002019Serum Metabolome Is Associated With the Nasopharyngeal Microbiota and Disease Severity Among Infants With Bronchiolitis.2013-04-30NIHGIBBS, RICHARD A2009-06-19A Microbial Genome Reference Platform for MetagenomicsU54HG0049732022-03-31NIHGOODARZI, MARK2017-04-01Impact of the gut microbiome and diet on change in insulin homeostasis and cardiometabolic riskR01DK1095882021-02-28NIHPETROSINO, JOSEPH FRANK2018-03-01Incorporating the Microbiome into DR2 Activities to Inform Health OutcomesR21ES029493Co-Principal InvestigatorPrincipal InvestigatorCo-Principal InvestigatorDepartment of OphthalmologyDepartment of PediatricsGraduate School of Biomedical SciencesDepartment of Molecular & Human GeneticsDepartment of Molecular Virology & MicrobiologyDepartment of Pathology & ImmunologyHuman Genome Sequencing CenterGraduate Sch of Biomedical SciencesHuman Genome Sequencing CenterMolecular & Human GeneticsMolecular Virology & MicrobiologyOphthalmologyPathologyPediatrics-GastroenterologyPediatrics-NutritionBaylor College of MedicineRICHARDKELLERMAYERRICHARD KELLERMAYER29.70508570000000-95.401808700000001082KELLERMAYER, RICHARDProfessorROBERTSHULMANROBERT SHULMAN0.000000000000000.000000000000002845SHULMAN, ROBERTProfessor8.159790.0071552825research areas2.167430.0200653206coauthor of165.15621.799560similar to11237selected publicationsDONNAMUZNYDONNA MUZNY0.000000000000000.000000000000003166MUZNY, DONNAAssistant ProfessorPEDROPIEDRAPEDRO PIEDRA0.000000000000000.000000000000003206PIEDRA, PEDROProfessor2021-01-31NIHMOORTHY, BHAGAVATULA2019-02-01Prenatal exposure to PAHs and hyperoxic lung injury: Role of the microbiomeR56ES030221Co-Principal InvestigatorAuthorship 94135414Authorship 94204225Authorship 942707630832576Stewart CJ, Fatemizadeh R, Parsons P, Lamb CA, Shady DA, Petrosino JF, Hair ABBMC microbiologyUsing formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue to characterize the preterm gut microbiota in necrotising enterocolitis and spontaneous isolated perforation using marginal and diseased tissue. 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J Mol Diagn. 2019 05; 21(3):449-461.J Mol Diagn2019-04-17T00:00:002019Leveraging Human Microbiome Features to Diagnose and Stratify Children with Irritable Bowel Syndrome.Authorship 1267534Authorship 1269224Authorship 946509531076501Toivonen L, Hasegawa K, Waris M, Ajami NJ, Petrosino JF, Camargo CA, Peltola VThoraxEarly nasal microbiota and acute respiratory infections during the first years of life. Thorax. 2019 06; 74(6):592-599.Thorax2019-05-10T00:00:002019Early nasal microbiota and acute respiratory infections during the first years of life.D0000691962759050.521077Gastrointestinal MicrobiomeD064307Living Beings2235510.614393Microbiota23802813Carmody LA, Zhao J, Schloss PD, Petrosino JF, Murray S, Young VB, Li JZ, LiPuma JJAnnals of the American Thoracic SocietyChanges in cystic fibrosis airway microbiota at pulmonary exacerbation. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2013 Jun; 10(3):179-87.Ann Am Thorac Soc2013-06-01T00:00:002013Changes in cystic fibrosis airway microbiota at pulmonary exacerbation.23912764Vehik K, Ajami NJ, Hadley D, Petrosino JF, Burkhardt BRCurrent diabetes reportsThe changing landscape of type 1 diabetes: recent developments and future frontiers. Curr Diab Rep. 2013 Oct; 13(5):642-50.Curr Diab Rep2013-10-01T00:00:002013The changing landscape of type 1 diabetes: recent developments and future frontiers.Authorship 9477963231142855Lloyd-Price J, Arze C, Ananthakrishnan AN, Schirmer M, Avila-Pacheco J, Poon TW, Andrews E, Ajami NJ, Bonham KS, Brislawn CJ, Casero D, Courtney H, Gonzalez A, Graeber TG, Hall AB, Lake K, Landers CJ, Mallick H, Plichta DR, Prasad M, Rahnavard G, Sauk J, Shungin D, V?zquez-Baeza Y, White RA, IBDMDB Investigators, Braun J, Denson LA, Jansson JK, Knight R, Kugathasan S, McGovern DPB, Petrosino JF, Stappenbeck TS, Winter HS, Clish CB, Franzosa EA, Vlamakis H, Xavier RJ, Huttenhower CNatureMulti-omics of the gut microbial ecosystem in inflammatory bowel diseases. Nature. 2019 05; 569(7758):655-662.Nature2019-05-29T00:00:002019Multi-omics of the gut microbial ecosystem in inflammatory bowel diseases.Authorship 950662931242511Faucher MA, Greathouse KL, Hastings-Tolsma M, Padgett RN, Sakovich K, Choudhury A, Sheikh A, Ajami NJ, Petrosino JFAmerican journal of perinatologyExploration of the Vaginal and Gut Microbiome in African American Women by Body Mass Index, Class of Obesity, and Gestational Weight Gain: A Pilot Study. 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Cell. 2019 08 08; 178(4):795-806.e12.Cell2019-08-08T00:00:002019Tumor Microbiome Diversity and Composition Influence Pancreatic Cancer Outcomes.2ChairChair3ProfessorProfessor4ProfessorProfessortrue1ProfessorProfessorAuthorship 9612395Authorship 9613271331738994Mansbach JM, Luna PN, Shaw CA, Hasegawa K, Petrosino JF, Piedra PA, Sullivan AF, Espinola JA, Stewart CJ, Camargo CAThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunologyIncreased Moraxella and Streptococcus species abundance after severe bronchiolitis is associated with recurrent wheezing. 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Nutrients. 2023 Apr 03; 15(7).Nutrients2023-04-03T00:00:002023The Association between Caffeine Intake and the Colonic Mucosa-Associated Gut Microbiota in Humans-A Preliminary Investigation.37026145Clark JR, Terwilliger A, Avadhanula V, Tisza M, Cormier J, Javornik-Cregeen S, Ross MC, Hoffman KL, Troisi C, Hanson B, Petrosino J, Balliew J, Piedra PA, Rios J, Deegan J, Bauer C, Wu F, Mena KD, Boerwinkle E, Maresso AWFrontiers in public healthWastewater pandemic preparedness: Toward an end-to-end pathogen monitoring program. Front Public Health. 2023; 11:1137881.Front Public Health2023-03-21T00:00:002023Wastewater pandemic preparedness: Toward an end-to-end pathogen monitoring program.Authorship 1070876737133995Di Ges? CM, Matz LM, Bolding IJ, Fultz R, Hoffman KL, Gammazza AM, Petrosino JF, Buffington SACell reportsMaternal gut microbiota mediate intergenerational effects of high-fat diet on descendant social behavior. Cell Rep. 2023 May 30; 42(5):112498.Cell Rep2023-05-02T00:00:002023Maternal gut microbiota mediate intergenerational effects of high-fat diet on descendant social behavior.Authorship 107320916Authorship 10723644Authorship 107335813Authorship 10734971637333115Avadhanula V, Creighton C, Ferlic-Stark L, Sucgang R, Zhang Y, Nagaraj D, Nicholson E, Rajan A, Menon V, Doddapaneni H, Muzny D, Metcalf G, Cregeen SJ, Hoffman K, Gibbs R, Petrosino J, Piedra PResearch squareLongitudinal host transcriptional responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults with extremely high viral load. 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EBioMedicine. 2023 Dec; 98:104873.EBioMedicine2023-11-30T00:00:002023Modulating a prebiotic food source influences inflammation and immune-regulating gut microbes and metabolites: insights from the BE GONE trial.37993433Lin J, Moradi E, Salenius K, Lehtipuro S, H?kkinen T, Laiho JE, Oikarinen S, Randelin S, Parikh HM, Krischer JP, Toppari J, Lernmark ?, Petrosino JF, Ajami NJ, She JX, Hagopian WA, Rewers MJ, Lloyd RE, Rautajoki KJ, Hy?ty H, Nykter M, TEDDY Study GroupNature communicationsDistinct transcriptomic profiles in children prior to the appearance of type 1 diabetes-linked islet autoantibodies and following enterovirus infection. Nat Commun. 2023 Nov 22; 14(1):7630.Nat Commun2023-11-22T00:00:002023Distinct transcriptomic profiles in children prior to the appearance of type 1 diabetes-linked islet autoantibodies and following enterovirus infection.Authorship 10852017Authorship 1085272438127093Brown EL, Essigmann HT, Hoffman KL, Petrosino J, Jun G, Brown SA, Aguilar D, Hanis CLCurrent microbiologyC-Reactive Protein Levels Correlate with Measures of Dysglycemia and Gut Microbiome Profiles. Curr Microbiol. 2023 Dec 21; 81(1):45.Curr Microbiol2023-12-21T00:00:002023C-Reactive Protein Levels Correlate with Measures of Dysglycemia and Gut Microbiome Profiles.38076970Ismail HM, Perera D, Mandal R, DiMeglio LA, Evans-Molina C, Hannon T, Petrosino J, Javornick CreGreen S, Schmidt NWmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciencesGut microbial changes associated with obesity in youth with type 1 diabetes. medRxiv. 2023 Dec 01.medRxiv2023-12-01T00:00:002023Gut microbial changes associated with obesity in youth with type 1 diabetes.Authorship 10863571038157865Chandra V, Li L, Le Roux O, Zhang Y, Howell RM, Rupani DN, Baydogan S, Miller HD, Riquelme E, Petrosino J, Kim MP, Bhat KPL, White JR, Kolls JK, Pylayeva-Gupta Y, McAllister FCancer cellGut epithelial Interleukin-17 receptor A signaling can modulate distant tumors growth through microbial regulation. Cancer Cell. 2024 01 08; 42(1):85-100.e6.Cancer Cell2023-12-28T00:00:002023Gut epithelial Interleukin-17 receptor A signaling can modulate distant tumors growth through microbial regulation.Authorship 1086594538187744Chappell CL, Hoffman KL, Lorenzi PL, Tan L, Petrosino J, Gibbs R, Muzny D, Doddapaneni H, Ross MC, Menon VK, Surathu A, Javornik Cregeen SJ, Reyes AG, Okhuysen PCbioRxiv : the preprint server for biologyTryptophan Metabolites And Their Predicted Microbial Sources In Fecal Samples From Healthy Individuals. bioRxiv. 2024 Feb 01.bioRxiv2024-02-01T00:00:002024Tryptophan Metabolites And Their Predicted Microbial Sources In Fecal Samples From Healthy Individuals.Authorship 1701971Authorship 108876013Authorship 10889662138295882Bunyavanich S, Becker PM, Altman MC, Lasky-Su J, Ober C, Zengler K, Berdyshev E, Bonneau R, Chatila T, Chatterjee N, Chung KF, Cutcliffe C, Davidson W, Dong G, Fang G, Fulkerson P, Himes BE, Liang L, Mathias RA, Ogino S, Petrosino J, Price ND, Schadt E, Schofield J, Seibold MA, Steen H, Wheatley L, Zhang H, Togias A, Hasegawa KThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunologyAnalytical challenges in omics research on asthma and allergy: A?National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases workshop. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2024 Jan 29.J Allergy Clin Immunol2024-01-29T00:00:002024Analytical challenges in omics research on asthma and allergy: A?National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases workshop.38361816Avadhanula V, Agustinho DP, Menon VK, Chemaly RF, Shah DP, Qin X, Surathu A, Doddapaneni H, Muzny DM, Metcalf GA, Cregeen SJ, Gibbs RA, Petrosino JF, Sedlazeck FJ, Piedra PAVirus evolutionInter and intra-host diversity of RSV in hematopoietic stem cell transplant adults with normal and delayed viral clearance. Virus Evol. 2024; 10(1):vead086.Virus Evol2023-12-28T00:00:002023Inter and intra-host diversity of RSV in hematopoietic stem cell transplant adults with normal and delayed viral clearance.true1Associate ProfessorAssociate ProfessorAuthorship 328601Authorship 249527Authorship 274853Authorship 275163Authorship 1394694Authorship 1394782Authorship 139585424367073Marino S, Baxter NT, Huffnagle GB, Petrosino JF, Schloss PDProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of AmericaMathematical modeling of primary succession of murine intestinal microbiota. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jan 07; 111(1):439-44.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2013-12-23T00:00:002013Mathematical modeling of primary succession of murine intestinal microbiota.Authorship 313216Authorship 1414697Authorship 1417412Authorship 1419441Authorship 1426621024365140Hyde ER, Petrosino JF, Piedra PA, Camargo CA, Espinola JA, Mansbach JMThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunologyNasopharyngeal Proteobacteria are associated with viral etiology and acute wheezing in children with severe bronchiolitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014 Apr; 133(4):1220-2.J Allergy Clin Immunol2013-12-22T00:00:002013Nasopharyngeal Proteobacteria are associated with viral etiology and acute wheezing in children with severe bronchiolitis.24448554Mej?a-Le?n ME, Petrosino JF, Ajami NJ, Dom?nguez-Bello MG, de la Barca AMScientific reportsFecal microbiota imbalance in Mexican children with type 1 diabetes. Sci Rep. 2014 Jan 22; 4:3814.Sci Rep2014-01-22T00:00:002014Fecal microbiota imbalance in Mexican children with type 1 diabetes.24451302Nelson AM, Elftman MD, Pinto AK, Baldridge M, Hooper P, Kuczynski J, Petrosino JF, Young VB, Wobus CEMicrobiomeMurine norovirus infection does not cause major disruptions in the murine intestinal microbiota. Microbiome. 2013 Feb 18; 1(1):7.Microbiome2013-02-18T00:00:002013Murine norovirus infection does not cause major disruptions in the murine intestinal microbiota.24670812Hyde ER, Andrade F, Vaksman Z, Parthasarathy K, Jiang H, Parthasarathy DK, Torregrossa AC, Tribble G, Kaplan HB, Petrosino JF, Bryan NSPloS oneMetagenomic analysis of nitrate-reducing bacteria in the oral cavity: implications for nitric oxide homeostasis. PLoS One. 2014; 9(3):e88645.PLoS One2014-03-26T00:00:002014Metagenomic analysis of nitrate-reducing bacteria in the oral cavity: implications for nitric oxide homeostasis.Authorship 372835Authorship 410836Authorship 147016524848255Aagaard K, Ma J, Antony KM, Ganu R, Petrosino J, Versalovic JScience translational medicineThe placenta harbors a unique microbiome. Sci Transl Med. 2014 May 21; 6(237):237ra65.Sci Transl Med2014-05-21T00:00:002014The placenta harbors a unique microbiome.Authorship 675325Authorship 5058012Authorship 148500325061514Schloss PD, Iverson KD, Petrosino JF, Schloss SJMicrobiomeThe dynamics of a family's gut microbiota reveal variations on a theme. Microbiome. 2014; 2:25.Microbiome2014-07-21T00:00:002014The dynamics of a family's gut microbiota reveal variations on a theme.Authorship 5382213Authorship 804732Authorship 575171Authorship 641206ROBERTBRITTONROBERT BRITTON8068BRITTON, ROBERTProfessorAuthorship 1553859